THE PRODUCTS

Comprehensive Oil & Gas Solutions

Exploration and Production (Upstream):

The exploration and production (E&P) of oil is a complex process that involves several stages, from locating potential reserves to extracting the crude oil from the ground. On the one hand exploration includes the surveys and drilling.In the survey, the Earth’s structure is examined in order to identify potential levels of oil and gas relating to the harvester. Variety in types of technique is employed. The most important step is to locate the drilling location with the purpose of enhancing the effectiveness of the process. 

On the other hand, during the production process, the drilling wells take part in the extraction of oil and gas. It is the fact that each stage requires different techniques. Primary recovery utilizes the natural pressure to automatically lead oil and/or gas to the surface. It seems no humanity is involved. Secondary recovery technique is to apply water to produce and increase pressure which will drive oil and/or gas to move to the surface. At this stage, artificial methods are in need to extract the oil from the reservoir. These consist of Enhanced oil recovery – EOR (using chemicals or heat and Hydraulic fracturing – fracking (using high pressure liquid). Oil and/or gas will be processed and stored in tanks before transport.

Refinery in Rotterdam

Midstream Operations:

Midstream operations play an important role in filling the gap between production/extraction and storage/distribution. Raw product (natural gas and crude oil) will be processed to remove impurities and separate the gas (NGL – natural gas liquids). These products then will be transported through pipelines (most efficient), trucks, railcars, ships/barges and stored in tanks, terminals, and underground storage.

Downstream Operations:

The downstream operation is the production of crude oil into different products (gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, heating oil, lubricants, asphalt, etc.) Finished products will be transported and distributed/retailed into the market.